Which protocol allows for transparent failover at the first-hop IP router?

The correct answer is based on the understanding of how First Hop Redundancy Protocols (FHRPs) function to provide redundancy and availability at the first-hop IP router. FHRPs are critical in situations where a single point of failure could disrupt network connectivity, and they ensure that devices can continue to communicate smoothly even in the event of a router failure.

FHRP encompasses several specific protocols designed to manage redundancy at the first hop. Among these, Hot Standby Router Protocol (HSRP), Virtual Router Redundancy Protocol (VRRP), and Gateway Load Balancing Protocol (GLBP) also operate as individual protocols, each with its own method of providing redundancy. They allow multiple routers to work together to present a single virtual router to the hosts in a network, enabling seamless transition in the event of failure.

FHRP serves as a term that captures the essence of these protocols—providing mechanisms for failover. Therefore, when identifying a choice that accurately reflects the concept of enabling transparent failover at the first-hop IP router, FHRP encapsulates all individual protocols, making it the most fitting answer in the context of this question.

The other protocols (HSRP, VRRP, and GLBP) provide their specific methods